estudios acusticos

The use of geographic information systems (GIS) in noise mapping and acoustic surveys

Geographic information systems (GIS) are powerful tools that allow us to capture, analyse and visualise geospatial data. Their ability to accurately represent spatial phenomena makes GIS an essential ally in many sectors, including acoustics.

 

Geographic information systems (GIS) allow the integration of acoustic data from multiple sources, such as road traffic, railways, industrial activities and other noise sources, into a single model that provides a complete picture of noise levels in different areas. In the field of acoustics, this data is used to create a detailed acoustic model, which simulates the propagation of noise in the study areas, using the Basic Guide for recommendations for the application of common noise assessment methods in Europe (CNOSSOS-EU). This information is then exported to platforms such as ArcGIS, where an exhaustive analysis of the noise exposure of the population and sensitive buildings in these areas is carried out.

Analysis of the evolution

of noise impact

From this analysis, areas where noise exposure exceeds the established Noise Quality Objectives can be precisely identified. Thanks to the comprehensive visualisation of the data on the noise maps, it is possible to compare the evolution of the noise impact over time and to evaluate the effectiveness of the reduction measures implemented.

Integration of

demographic data

GIS also allows the integration of demographic data into these models, which facilitates the analysis of the population affected by noise. This approach helps public and private entities to develop noise control policies that prioritise particularly sensitive areas, such as hospitals, schools, cultural buildings and residential areas, for which noise reduction is critical to protect the health and well-being of the community.

Simulation of noise scenarios

in developing areas

 

Estudios acusticos
Estudios acusticos

In addition, GIS offers the possibility to simulate noise scenarios in developing areas, allowing the prediction of the noise impact of future infrastructure such as new roads, railway lines and buildings. This simulation capability facilitates informed decision-making by designers and planners, who can assess the optimal location for noise barriers, select building materials that help mitigate noise, or implement special pavements that reduce sound propagation.

 

In short, GIS not only provides a powerful tool for monitoring and managing environmental noise, but also allows the anticipation of its impact, contributing to the development of healthier and more sustainable environments.